Opini Terbaru

Between Facts and Norms, Pemikiran Hukum Jürgen Habermas (2): Pengantar dari Jürgen Habermas

Gambar
PENGANTAR Jürgen Habermas  | Penerjemah: Anom Surya Putra | Di Jerman, filsafat hukum telah lama tidak lagi menjadi materi pembahasan bagi para filsuf. Jika saya jarang menyebut nama Hegel dan lebih mengandalkan teori hukum Kantian, hal ini juga mengungkapkan keinginan saya untuk menghindari suatu model yang menetapkan standar yang tidak dapat dicapai bagi kita. Memang, bukan kebetulan bahwa filsafat hukum, dalam mencari kontak dengan realitas sosial, telah bermigrasi ke aliran-aliran (mazhab) hukum. [1] Namun, saya juga ingin menghindari ilmu hukum teknis yang terfokus pada fundasi-fundasi hukum pidana. [2] Apa yang dulunya dapat dianut secara koheren dalam konsep-konsep filsafat Hegelian saat ini menuntut pendekatan pluralistis yang menggabungkan perspektif teori moral, teori sosial, teori hukum, serta sosiologi dan sejarah hukum. Saya menyambut ini sebagai kesempatan untuk menampilkan pendekatan pluralistis yang sering tidak diakui/disadari teori tindakan komunikatif. Konsep-konse
Posting Komentar

OPINI Etika: Panduan Kode Etik DPR-RI (2005-2008)


Pada tahun 2005-2008 saya menjalani aktivitas sebagai Tenaga Ahli Badan Kehormatan DPR-RI. 

Pengalaman bekerja di Badan Kehormatan DPR-RI ini seperti kerja merintis bangunan baru, konsepsi baru, diskursus hukum yang dogmatik belum tentu relevan untuk menganalisa kasus pelanggaran kode etik DPR-RI. 

Saya juga harus beradaptasi dengan dunia parlemen setelah sebelumnya aktif dalam organisais non pemerintah bidang studi agama dan demokrasi serta birokrasi pemerintahan yang menangani kegiatan formulasi kebijakan penanganan konflik dan pemberdayaan masyarakat (community empowerment).

Kondisi DPR-RI waktu itu baru memulai pelembagaan pengawas etik, sehingga Slamet Effendy Yusuf sebagai pimpinan periode pertama, banyak mengemban perancangan aturan kode etik, mekanisme sidang etik, cara pengambilan keputusan, dan eksekusi putusan etik.

Sebagian catatan pengalaman menjadi tenaga ahli Badan Kehormatan DPR-RI membuat saya harus belajar etika (filsafat moral), etika politik, dan hubungan etika dengan ilmu hukum. Beberapa tulisan telah tersebar tapi tidak terdokumentasi dengan baik. 

Salah satu analisa kode etik DPR RI yang terdokumentasikan adalah "KAJIAN TERHADAP KODE ETIK DPR RI: Revisi Pasca FGD 7 September 2007", yang didukung oleh  PROPER-UNDP bekerjasama dengan Sekretariat Jenderal DPR-RI, dengan simpulan dan rekomendasi berikut ini.

Pertama, Etika dan Hukum merupakan ilmu pengetahuan yang penting dalam melaksanakan pembaharuan Kode Etik dan sekaligus penegakkan Kode Etik. Kajian ini telah berupaya untuk melakukan kajian epistemologi untuk mensistematisasi problem keilmuan Etika dan Hukum serta menghindari perdebatan politis dan misterius tanpa objek yang jelas tentang Etika dan Hukum;

Kedua, pengertian Kode Etik perlu mengalami perubahan yang definitif terkait dengan objek ilmu Etika yaitu moralitas dan objek Ilmu Hukum yaitu Peraturan DPR-RI tentang Kode Etik.

Ketiga, kajian Etika Terapan dan Ilmu Hukum Empiris membantu re-sistematisasi Kode Etik agar terdiri dari prinsip etis, standar perilaku kepatutan, kewajiban, dan larangan, serta disertai kategori hirarkis sanksi yang sesuai dengan standar perilaku tersebut.

Keempat, ketentuan tentang tata beracara diperlukan berbarengan dengan rasionalitas dalam proses pemeriksaan persidangan hingga pengambilan keputusan Badan Kehormatan, yang ditunjukkan melalui perlunya pendalaman terhadap asas-asas pemikiran dan logika hukum sebagai salah satu unsur penguat kapasitas Badan Kehormatan dalam mengeluarkan keputusan yang objektif, berkeadilan dan memegang solidaritas citra kelembagaan DPR-RI yang etis.

Kelima, bahan kajian ini masih merupakan konsep tentatif, rumusan tekstual yang tentatif yang perlu diuji relevansi sosial dan relevansi intelektualnya dalam kerangka pencarian Etika Legislatif yang tepat-konteks di Indonesia.

Pembaca blog yang budiman silahkan mengunduh 2 (dua) dokumen sebagai referensi. Pertama, dokumen hasil analisa etika dan hukum kode etik DPR-RI. Kedua, buku panduan kode etik yang didukung oleh PROPER-UNDP bekerjasama dengan Sekretariat Jenderal DPR-RI. Selamat membaca.

Unduh Gratis: Kajian Etika dan Hukum Kode Etik DPR RI (2007)

Unduh Gratis: Buku Panduan Kode Etik Anggota DPR-RI (Anom Surya Putra, 2008)

NEXT: ETIKA PARLEMEN DAERAH

Komentar

Posting Komentar

Artikel Terpopuler

Antropologi Kuntilanak

Gambar
Setiap perjalanan ke Desa, perdesaan, atau kampung pinggiran perkotaan, beberapa kali saya membuka obrolan dengan beberapa teman tentang makhluk halus, terutama yang termasuk kategori kuntilanak. Makhluk perempuan berjubah putih, jarang ganti baju, rambut terurai jarang dirawat ke salon, wajah tidak pernah dirawat dengan suntikan kecantikan, dan yang pasti jarang mandi. Tulisan ini menarik. Membahas kuntilanak dalam perspektif Teori Kritis. Aliran pemikiran filsafat yang memang diusung di dalam blog ini. Kuntilanak awalnya merupakan diskursus roh yang berdampingan hidup di alam mistis bersama dengan manusia. Diskursus pencerahan dan bahkan keagamaan monoteis telah menempatkan kuntilanak dalam posisi yang terpojok. Kuntilanak adalah lawan dari ilmu pengetahuan dan juga lawan dari makhluk suci. Semacam setan dan monster. Semacam aib dari rasionalitas Pencerahan.  Persepsi mistis atas kuntilanak kemudian direproduksi oleh sinematografi. Bermunculan film kuntilanak dengan tampilan menyeram
Read more »

21-Days of Abundance Meditation Challenge Deepak Chopra

Gambar
Day 1 DEEPAK CHOPRA 21-Days of Abundance Meditation Challenge - So Hum The Reality of Abundance DEEPAK CHOPRA 21-Days of Abundance Meditation Challenge. Day 1 Here we go! After you complete the task, please write: "Day 1 Done." You can leave the group if you decide not to continue. I highly recommend doing the meditation and the task at the beginning of the day, if possible. It changes the course of the day! Task In your new notebook, make a list of 50 people that have influenced your life. They can be both living and already departed people, your relatives, friends, and celebrities, writers and personalities whom you do not necessarily know personally. Everyone who has influenced you, and contributed to your growth & development. The list must have at least 50 names. In the process of making a list, think about why you chose the person. What has changed in your life for the better? Move calmly and thoughtfully. Remember the best things about each person in the list and w
Read more »

Konstitusionalisme Deliberatif dan Judicial Review

Gambar
Tulisan ini merupakan translasi dari tulisan  Chiara Valentini , Senior Researcher in Philosophy of Law , Department of Legal Studies and Alma Human AI, University of Bologna (Italy). Source: Chiara Valentini, “ Deliberative constitutionalism and judicial review ”, Revus [Online], 47 | 2022, Online since 20 March 2022, connection on 25 July 2022. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/revus/8030; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/revus.8030 This is a copy of an Indonesian translation of “Deliberative constitutionalism and judicial review” (2022), Chiara Valentini, Revus [Online], Translated by Anom Surya Putra. Please cite as: Chiara Valentini, 2022. "Konstitusionalisme Deliberatif dan Judicial Review ." Blog Anom Surya Putra. Juli 2022. ------------ Abstrak Konstitusionalisme deliberatif merupakan bidang yang muncul yang menggabungkan teori konstitusi –-dan penekanannya pada batasan hukum untuk kekuasaan politik-– dengan teori demokrasi deliberatif -– dan idea-idea tentang delibera
Read more »

Day 10 21-Day Meditation Challenge Creating Abundance (Deepak Chopra)

Gambar
Welcome to day ten. Although all of the events in your life are governed by the law of cause and effect, and our karmic events, there is great freedom in knowing, that if you do not like the results of a previous choice, then you can always choose again. In every situation, there are countless alternatives that affect you and those around you. When you go to make that singular choice, it should nourish you, and everyone else, influenced by your actions. This, is the law of karma or conscious choice making. True abundance or affluence is the ability to fulfill one's desires with minimal effort. When we speak of abundance as it relates to the law of karma, we can look to the concept of stewardship, responsibly caring for something we value, as a path to realizing our dreams. Taking proper care of a child. Making healthy choices for our bodies. Or using Earth's natural resources responsibly. All these are examples of good stewardship.  Every action we take, generates a force of en
Read more »

Day 6 21-Day Meditation Challenge Creating Abundance (Deepak Chopra)

Gambar
Welcome to day six. We are born with everything we need, the life of fulfillment and success.  But often we measure our love, joy, health, vitality, and other positive qualities, by comparing ourselves to someone or something else. Perhaps thinking thoughts like, I have a loving relationship, but not as loving as my friends. Or, I live in a nice house, but not as big as my brothers. Or, I have a good job, and I don't make as much money as my colleague. Such comparisons, stem from object referral, looking outside oneself for validation. But an abundant life is not about external comparisons. Instead, a life of fulfillment comes from within, through the knowledge that you were created with everything you need to be happy and successful, and can access those seeds of abundance, at any time. Currently all over the world many people are experiencing difficult times. When we experience such setbacks, we sometimes feel like we will never achieve success. Yet, in every perceived failure or
Read more »

Day 16 21-Day Meditation Challenge Creating Abundance (Deepak Chopra)

Gambar
Welcome to Day 16. Experiencing gratitude, is one of the most effective ways of getting in touch with your soul. When you feel gratitude, your ego steps out of the way, enabling you to enjoy greater love, compassion, and understanding.  Genuine gratitude, is also one of the most powerful ways, to invite more goodness into our lives.  It's as if you are saying to the universe, please bring me more of this.  Gratitude is independent of any situation, circumstance, person, or experience.  When you connect with this true inner joy, you feel bliss for no reason. Simply being alive, to gaze at the Stars, and appreciating the miracle of life itself, brings you happiness. To feel gratitude, consider all the wonderful gifts you enjoy in your life. Nurturing loving relationships. Connections you have with very special beings. The miracle of your body and fertile mind, and material comforts. Appreciating your life in this manner, sweeps away any thought of lack or limitation, and reminds you
Read more »

Day 7 21-Day Meditation Challenge Creating Abundance (Deepak Chopra)

Gambar
Welcome to day seven. Congratulations on completing the first week, of the Chopra Center 21-day meditation challenge, creating abundance. Over the past six days, we have discovered the reality and source of abundance, which is unlimited and eternal. We've learned that mind, matter, and spirit, work in conjunction with one another, to manifest abundance that in the silent field of all possibilities, dwell the seeds of success, and that when you live from within, your desires are fulfilled quickly, spontaneously, and with minimal effort.  This week, we'll contemplate what we sometimes call a coincidence, a miracle, or just good luck. Ask yourself, how long does it take for a dream to come true. In the minds of some specific conditions must be met, plans must be in place, a certain amount of time must pass, and effort needs to be exerted. However these conditions all spring from the physical three-dimensional world.  In deeper levels of consciousness, what we call a dream, miracle
Read more »

Day 17 21-Day Meditation Challenge Creating Abundance (Deepak Chopra)

Gambar
Welcome to Day 17. There are some who live day to day, concerned about not having enough, of whatever they feel is necessary, for their happiness and security. Their bodies most likely echo those feelings, by sending messages of discomfort, in the form of anxiety, worry, or stress. This however doesn’t have to be. Instead, if we learn to trust the intelligence of the universe, and practice living carefreeness, we can live fearlessly, without worrying, and focus on lack. We can expect only the best, and live our lives, from a place of true joy. When the mind nourishes the body, with its carefree thoughts, and feelings, the body returns to its natural state of happiness and calm. And, from this state of bliss, you’ll be able to regain the memory, of who and what you really are. A spiritual being. Inextricable interconnected, with the creative power of the universe. Reconnecting with your true nature, you cross the invisible boundary, between the ego and true self. You begin to feel more
Read more »

Cara Meletakkan Bukti dalam Evidence-Based Policymaking (EBP)

Gambar
Setelah mempelajari artikel tentang ini para pembaca (khususnya legislative drafter ) diharapkan mampu menjelaskan tahapan metode Evidence-Based Policymaking (EBP) dalam penyusunan aturan perundang-undangan, yakni mampu menjelaskan cara meletakkan : (1) bukti ( evidence ) dalam agenda setting (prioritas isu/masalah); (2) bukti ( evidence ) dalam formulasi kebijakan (opsi kebijakan dan strategi); (3) bukti ( evidence ) dalam implementasi kebijakan (aktivitas, program); dan (4) bukti ( evidence ) dalam pemantauan dan evaluasi (kebutuhan, desain, implementasi dan dampak kebijakan dan/atau aturan perundang-undangan). A. Pendahuluan Pendekatan  Evidence-Based Policymaking  (EBP) meletakkan bukti ( evidence ) yang telah diperoleh, dikumpulkan dan disistematisasi, ke dalam siklus kebijakan ( policy cycle ). Siklus kebijakan berikut ini tidak bersifat kaku dan linier, namun bebas dalam menentukan agenda setting, terjadi koreksi terus menerus selama proses dialog/konsultasi publik berlangsung
Read more »

Day 8 21-Day Meditation Challenge Creating Abundance (Deepak Chopra)

Gambar
Welcome to day eight. Welcome to our second week of the Chopra Center 21-Day meditation challenge.  This week you will learn how to attract greater abundance, by applying the laws from my book, the seven spiritual laws of success to your life. Today we'll focus on the first law. The law of pure potentiality, which asserts that in our essential state, we are pure consciousness, pure potentiality and the field of all possibilities.  When you discover your true nature, and know who you really are, you experience pure being, and sand fearless, in the face of any challenge. In this state, you're anchored in the unlimited and eternal power of the Self, restores people situations and circumstances to you, to help support your deepest desires. Engage in our daily activities, we sometimes hear thoughts and opinions, often expressed as fact, that do not reflect our divine essence, for instance, we may hear news that good jobs are scarce, the global financial picture is bleak, or the worl
Read more »